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Printer’s proof
Also called Final proof, press proof, proof approval
The proof the publisher signs to release a job to press. Once signed it is the reference: the printed book is judged against it, and a mistake left on it is no longer the printer’s.
In practice
Read it as the finished book rather than as a file: page order, running heads, word breaks, every picture where it belongs. Colour can only be judged on a contract proof printed to a certified standard, never on a monitor. Ask which kind of proof you will get and how long you have to return it.